Vortex Flow Meters

Vortex Flow Meters Rosemount

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Vortex Flow Meters Rosemount

Vortex Flow Meters Rosemount offers many advantages for flow measurement including easy installation without impulse lines, no moving parts to maintain or repair, less leak potential and a wide flow turndown range. Vortex meters also offer very low power consumption, allowing for use in remote areas.

Additionally, Vortex meters are unique in that they can accommodate liquids, gasses, steam, and corrosive applications. Vortex flowmeters are also able to withstand high process pressures and temperatures.

Rosemount 8800 Series Vortex Flow Meters offer world-class reliability with a gasket-free, non-clog meter body that eliminates potential leak points, resulting in maximum process availability and fewer unscheduled shutdowns. The unique design of Emerson’s Rosemount 8800 Vortex Flow Meters features isolated sensors that eliminate the need to break process seals for flow and temperature sensor replacement.

What is the Vortex flow meter?

A vortex flow meter is a flow measurement device best suited for flow measurements where the introduction of moving parts presents problems. They are available in industrial grade, brass or all-plastic construction. Sensitivity to variations in the process conditions is low and no moving parts have relatively low wear compared to other types of flow meters.

Vortex flowmeters operate under the vortex shedding principle, where an oscillating vortexes occur when a fluid such as water flow past a bluff (as opposed to streamlined) body. The frequency that the vortexes are shed depends on the size and shape of the body. It is ideal for applications where low maintenance costs are important. Industrial size vortex meters are custom built and require appropriate sizing for specific applications.

Flow Meter Accuracy

  • ± 0.65% of volumetric rate for liquids
  • ± 1% of volumetric rate for gas and steam
  • ± 0.70% of mass flow rate in water using MultiVariable option
  • ± 2% of mass flow in steam using MultiVariable optio

Turndown

  • 38:1

Output

  • 4-20 mA with HART® 5 or 7
  • 4-20 mA with HART® 5 or 7 and Scalable Pulse Output
  • FOUNDATION; Fieldbus ITK6 with 2 Analog Input blocks, 1 Backup Link Active Scheduler function block, and 1 Integrator function block

Wetted Material

  • Stainless Steel – 316/316L and CF3M
  • Nickel Alloy – C-22 and CW2M
  • High Temp Carbon Steel – A105 and WCB
  • Low Temp Carbon Steel – LF2 and LCC
  • Duplex UNS S32760 and 6A
  • Consult factory for other wetted material

Flange Options

  • ANSI Class 150 to 1500
  • DIN PN 10 to PN 160
  • JIS 10K to 40K
  • Flanges are available in a variety of facings
  • Consult factory for additional flange ratings

Operating Temperatures

  • -330°F to 842°F (-200°C to 450°C)

Line Size

  • Flanged: ½-in to 12-in (15 to 300 mm)
  • Wafer: ½-in to 8-in (15 to 200 mm)
  • Dual: ½-in to 12-in (15 to 300 mm)
  • Reducer: 1-in to 14-in (25 to 350 mm)

Features

  • An isolated sensor allows for inline replacement without breaking the process seal
  • Increase plant availability and eliminate potential leak points with a unique gasket-free meter body design
  • Eliminate downtime and maintenance costs associated with plugged impulse lines with a non-clog meter body design
  • Achieve vibration immunity with a mass balanced sensor and Adaptive Digital Signal Processing with visual filtering
  • A standard internal signal generator included in every meter simplifies electronics verification
  • All meters arrive pre-configured and hydrostatically tested, making them ready and easy to install
  • Simplify SIS compliance with available dual and quad Vortex flowmeters
  • Detect liquid to gas phase change using Smart Fluid Diagnostics

Electromagnetic flow controller

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KROHNE Electromagnetic flow controller

The DWM 1000 is a 2-wire electromagnetic flow controller to monitor the flow of conductive liquids, pastes, and slurries. The switching point of this insertion-type device is adjustable over a full-scale range of 0.1 …9.9 m/s or 0.3…32.5 ft/s. A welding socket is supplied as standard for welding the DWM 1000 directly onto process pipes (DN50…400 / 2…16″). The long version (DWM 1000 L) is suited for larger pipe diameters or open channels. It comes with either a threaded connection or sliding connection. Both versions are equipped with a safety chain for the safe removal of the sensor and with an optional isolation valve. The flow switch is also available with a VARIVENT® connection for hygienic applications.

As an alternative to insertion tubes, an optional spool piece can be used to install the DWM 1000 without welding operation. Amplifier relays are available for a selection of AC and DC voltages. For temporarily or permanently immersed measuring points, the switch can be ordered as IP68 rated version. The DWM 1000 is factory calibrated before delivery.

What is Magnetic Flowmeter?

Magnetic flowmeters use Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction to determine the flow of liquid in a pipe. In a magnetic flowmeter, a magnetic field is generated and channeled into the liquid flowing through the pipe. Following Faraday’s Law, the flow of a conductive liquid through the magnetic field will cause a voltage signal to be sensed by electrodes located on the flow tube walls. When the fluid moves faster, more voltage is generated. Faraday’s Law states that the voltage generated is proportional to the movement of the flowing liquid. The electronic transmitter processes the voltage signal to determine the liquid flow.

Application

General

  • Cost-effective flow detection
  • Control of cooling systems
  • Pump protection

Water and wastewater industry

  • Flow control in pump stations

Conventional and Nuclear Power Industry

  • Water

Technical Features

Options

  • Flashing LED

Ambient temperature

  • -25…+60°C / -13…+140°F

Max. allowable operating pressure

  • 25 bar / 360 psig

Process connections

  • with standard fitting: G 1A; Screw-on welding socket (Ø39 mm / 1.5″) for process pipes DN50…400 / 2…16″

Power supply

  • 48…250 VAC or VDC

Data Sheet

GF Rotameter

GF Rotameter

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GF Rotameter

The plastic variable area flowmeters in the SK series from GF Piping Systems are radially-installed dismountable meters for measuring the rate of flow in industrial pipework applications.

The measurement ranges, which are attuned to our customers’ needs, and the range of materials available for the tubes and screwed fittings, meaning that the flow meters can be used for a wide range of applications and a great variety of media.

What is Rotameter?

Rotameters are the most widely used type of variable-area (VA) flowmeter. In these devices, the falling and rising action of a float in a tapered tube provide a measure of flow rate. Rotameters are known as gravity-type flowmeters because they are based on the opposition between the downward force of gravity and the upward force of the flowing fluid. When the flow is constant, the float stays in one position that can be related to the volumetric flow rate. That position is indicated on a graduated scale. Note that to keep the full force of gravity in effect, this dynamic balancing act requires a vertical measuring tube.

Other forms of gravity-type VA meters may incorporate a piston or vane that responds to flow in a manner similar to the float’s behavior. All these devices can be used to measure the flow rates of most liquids, gases, and steam. There are also similar types that balance the fluid flow with a spring rather than the gravitational force. These do not require vertical mounting, but corrosive or erosive fluids can damage the spring and lead to reduced accuracy.

When there is no flow through a rotameter, the float rests on the bottom of the dosing tube, where the maximum diameter of the float is approximately the same as the inner diameter of the tube. When the fluid enters the dosing tube, the floating effect of the fluid lightens the float. However, the float has a greater density than the fluid, and the flotation effect is not sufficient to raise it.

There is a small annular opening between the float and the tube. The pressure falling through the float increases and increases the float. This increases the area between the float and the tube until the upward hydraulic forces acting on it are balanced by their weight, less the floating force. The float moves up and down the tube in proportion to the flow rate of fluid and the annular area between the float and the tube. Reach a stable position in the tube when the forces are in equilibrium.

Technical Features

Size:

⅜”–2½”

Total Flow Range

  • 0.01–264 GPM

Tube Material

  • PA
  • PSU
  • PVC transparent

Seal

  • EPDM
  • FPM

Float

  • PVDF
  • PVDF-HP transparent

End Connection

  • Solvent cement socket
  • threaded
  • flanged
  • fusion spigot union
  • fusion socket union

Range:

  • d16 to d75: DN10 to DN65

Connections:

  • Solvent Cement Socket
  • Fusion Socket

Standards:

  • ISO
  • BS
  • ASTM
  • JIS

Nominal pressure:

  • PN10

Fields of Application:

  • Industrial Water Treatment
  • Marine
  • Automotive Industry
  • Power Supply
  • Food and Beverage

Advantages:

  • No auxiliary energy required
  • Easy reading off value
  • Wide product range

Data Sheet

Float Switches Model WFS

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Float Switches Model WFS

Float Switches are used for the point-based limit level detection of one or several levels. They work independently of foaming, conductivity, dielectric, pressure, vacuum, temperature, vapors, condensation, bubble formation, boiling effects, and vibrations and are suitable for almost all liquid media. The switching operation is free from wear and needs no power supply.

The simple and proven functional principle of the float switches enables a very wide range of applications, from general industrial applications through to use in process plants.

The Float Switches is comprised of a permanent magnet to ensure it moves along with the liquid level on a guide tube and provides accurate level readings. The guide tube is fitted with a reed contact (inert gas contact) and is energized by the approach of the float magnet.

By using a magnet and reed contact, the operation of the float switch is non-contact, free from wear and needs no power supply. The contacts are potential-free. Magnetic float switches are also available with multiple switch points.

The switch functions always refer to a rising liquid level: SPDT or change-over contact.

Using a float for two switch points creates a bi-stable switch operation, meaning that the switching status remains available when the filling level continues to rise above or drop below the switch point.

float switch is simple to mount and maintenance-free, providing a cost-effective solution.

Applications for a float switch

  • Level measurement for almost all liquid media
  • Pump/level control and monitoring for defined filling levels
  • Chemical industry, petrochemical industry, natural gas, offshore, shipbuilding, machine building, power generating equipment, power stations
  • Process water and drinking water treatment, food, and beverage industry

Connections

  • 6-1” ANSI / 150-600# RF flange
  • 2 – 1/2” MNPT
  • 60s-10s tri-clamp

Housing

  • Polyester NEMA 4x
  • Epoxy coated aluminum NEMA 4x or 7/9
  • Stainless steel NEMA 7/9

Features

  • Large range of application due to the simple, proven functional principle
  • For harsh operating conditions, long service life
  • Operating limits: -Operating temperature: T = -196…+350°C -Operating pressure: P = Vacuum to 40 bar -Limit density: ρ ≥ 300 kg/m³
  • Wide variety of different electrical connections, process connections, and materials.
  • FM approved version / NEMA 4x or 7/9 housing
  • Process connection, guide tube and float from 316L/316Ti stainless steel or plastic
  • Universal signal processing: connection direct to a PLC is possible, NAMUR connection, signal amplification/contact protection relays
  • Works independently of foaming, conductivity, dielectricity, pressure, vacuum, temperature, steam, condensation, bubble formation, boiling effects, and vibrations.

Data Sheet

Electronic flow switch With display WIKA

Electronic flow switch With display WIKA

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Electronic flow switch With display WIKA, for liquid media Model FSD-3

Flow switches are used for the display and monitoring of the flow of liquid and gaseous media. The instruments feature a high switching accuracy and functional safety, low switch hysteresis and continuous switch point setting by the operator.

The wide selection of WIKA flow switches also includes viscosity-compensated models and ATEX-certified instruments for use in hazardous environments.

Applications of the flow switch

  • Control of cooling lubricant systems
  • Monitoring of cooling circuits
  • Control of filter units
  • Dry run protection in pumps

Special features of the flow switch

  • Reliable flow monitoring of liquid media
  • Switching and analog outputs for flow, temperature, and diagnostics
  • Easily parameterisable via the local display
  • Free from wear, without any moving parts in the medium

The successful design and the excellent functionality of the WIKA switch family were already confirmed by winning the “iF product design award” for the pressure switch model PSD-30.

The robust LED display has been designed using 9 mm high characters (the largest possible) and with a slight incline in order to make reading the flow as easy as possible from greater distances.
The 3-key operation makes simple, intuitive menu navigation possible, with no need for additional assistance. The menu navigation conforms to the VDMA standard.

Free from wear

The FSD-3 flow switch operates on the basis of the calorimetric measuring principle. This guarantees a wear-free flow measurement without any moving parts in the medium.

Flow monitoring of liquid media

The FSD-3 flow switch enables the reliable and process-safe monitoring of the flow of liquid media. When the flow is above or below the set value, the switching output activates the downstream regulator or control. Damage and production losses through degradation of pumps, tools, and spindles can thus be avoided.

Temperature monitoring

The medium temperature can be monitored by means of a temperature output, without the need for equipping another measuring location.

Diagnostic function

The optional diagnostic function of the flow switch reliably outputs a warning when a sensor defect is detected. The switching output can be used to trigger a downstream safety function.

Flow

  • Water: 5 … 150 cm/s
  • Oil: 3 … 300 cm/s

Temperature (option)

  • -20 … +85 °C (-4 … +185 °F)

Display

  • 14-segment LED, red, 4-digit, 9 mm (0.35 in) character size Display can be turned electronically by 180°

Power supply

  • DC 15 … 35 V
Emerson Micro Motion

Emerson Micro Motion

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Emerson Micro Motion

For over 30 years, Emerson’s Micro Motion has been a technology leader delivering the most precise flow, density and concentration measurement devices for fiscal applications, process control, and process monitoring.

Emerson’s Micro Motion Coriolis, density and viscosity technologies deliver superior flow measurement expertise while providing customers with the confidence and insight they need to continuously improve safety and efficiency in the most critical process applications.

The Micro Motion flow meter’s measuring tube comes in a variety of shapes, and vendors have sales pitches for each of them. So you’ll have to decide for yourself which suits your purposes best. The most common is the omega or “U” sensor.

Whatever the shape, the tube has a drive coil to vibrate the tube at a specific frequency. And at the inlet and outlet ends of the tube, you find pickoffs measuring this frequency.

If there’s no flow, then both pickoffs vibrate at the same frequency, creating identical waveforms. When you have a flow, it creates the Coriolis effect, a small twist that phase-shifts the waveforms from the pickoffs. Thus by measuring the amount of shift, you can calculate the mass flow rate.

And as for density, you’ll use the natural change of frequency that occurs in a change of fluid density. High density makes the frequency decrease, and low makes it increase. So you can use these changes to find the density of the product with great accuracy.

Specifications

Measuring Range

  • 0-3000 kg/m3 (0-3 g/cc)

Density Accuracy

  • ±0.1 kg/m3 (±0.0001 g/cc)

Equivalent to: ±0.05°API, ±0.02° Brix, ±0.1% ABV, ±0.01% Conc.

Temperature Accuracy

  • BS1904, DIN 43760 Class ‘A’ (±0.15 ± 0.002 X T)°C

Flow Rate Accuracy

  • ±5% of reading (10:1 turndown)

Accreditation & Standards

  •  ISO17025, OIML R117-1, MID compliant

Safety Approvals

  • ATEX, CSA, IECEx

(Intrinsically-safe and Explosion/Flame Proof)

Display

  • two-line, LCD screen, Optical switch configuration

Outputs

  • Standard: Time Period, 4-20mA, HART, Modbus RS-485
  • Optional: FOUNDATIONTM Fieldbus, Wireless HART M

Protection Class

  • Ingress Protection: IP66/67, NEMA4 EMC compliant with EN61326

Dimensions

  • Standard Flange to Flange: 600 mm (24”)
  • 7835/45 Retrofit Option: 1030 mm (40.5”)

Weight (Typical)

  • 14 kg (31 lbs)

Features

  • Achieve superior real-world performance with elevated and combined temperature and pressure calibration
  • Ensure sample integrity with a flow-rate indication
  • Reduce measurement errors and minimize negative installation effects with case RTDs that adjust for ambient temperature
  • Rely on compliance and compatibility to global standards – NACE, NORSOK, MID, ISO/IEC 17025
  • Quickly install and verify meter health with intelligent internal diagnostics
  • Support multiple simultaneous protocols for connection to DCS, PLC and flow computers
  • Expand usage with a hazardous area-approved, head-mounted transmitter that supports local configuration and display

Advantages of Emerson’s Micro Motion

  • Direct Mass Flow and Density Measurement
  • The Standard for Reliability, Repeatability, and Accuracy
  • Widest Breadth of Products and Applications

References

  • https://www.emerson.com/en-us/automation/micro-motion
  • https://www.emerson.com/en-us/catalog/micro-motion-density
  • https://visaya.solutions/en/qa/how-does-a-micro-motion-flow-meter-work

 

Rotameter

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Rotameter

Rotameter is simple industrial flow meter that measure the flow rate of liquid or gas in a closed tube.

Rotameters are popular because they have linear scales, a relatively large measurement range, low pressure drop, and are simple to install and maintain.

Rotameters are a subset of meters called variable area flow meters that measure the flow rate by allowing the fluid to travel through a tapered tube where the cross sectional area of the tube gradually becomes greater as the fluid travels through the tube.

The flow rate inside the rotameter is measured using a float that is lifted by the fluid flow based on the buoyancy and velocity of the fluid opposing gravity pulling the float down.  For gasses the float responds to the velocity alone, buoyancy is negligible.

The float moves up and down inside the rotameter’s tapered tube proportionally to the flow rate of the fluid.  It reaches a constant position once the fluid and gravitational forces have equalized.

Changes in the flow rate cause rotameter’s float to change position inside the tube.  Since the float position is based on gravity it is important that all rotameters be mounted vertically and oriented with the widest end of the taper at the top.

It is also important to remember that if there is no flow the float will sink to the bottom of the rotameter due to its own weight.

The operator reads the flow from a graduated scale on the side of the rotameter, which has been calibrated to a specific fluid with a known specific gravity.

Rotameters can be calibrated for other fluids by understanding the basic operating principles.  Rotameter accuracy is determined by the accuracy of the pressure, temperature, and flow control during the initial calibration.

Any change in the density and weight of the float will have impacts on the rotameter’s flow reading.  Additionally any changes that would affect the fluid such as pressure or temperature will also have an affect on the rotameter’s accuracy.  Given this, rotameters should be calibrated yearly to correct for any changes in the system that may have occurred.

There are several advantages to a rotameter over a more complicated flow meter including:

Rotameter Selection

  • What are the minimum and maximum flow rate for the flow meter?
  • What are the minimum and maximum process temperature?
  • What is the size of the pipe?
  • Would you like a direct reading rotameter or is a look-up table acceptable?
  • What accuracy do you need?
  • Do you require a valve to regulate the flow?
  • Will there be back pressure?
  • What is the maximum process pressure?

 

advantages

  • Simple to install and maintain
  • The cost of the rotameter is low.
  • It provides a linear scale.
  • It has good accuracy for low and medium flow rates.
  • The pressure loss is nearly constant and small.
  • Usability for corrosive fluid.
  • Rotameters can be installed in areas with no power since they only require the properties of the fluid and gravity to measure flow, so you do not have to be concerned with ensuring that the instrument is explosion proof when installed in areas with flammable fluids or gases.
  • Rotameters are simple devices that are mass manufactured out of inexpensive materials keeping investment costs low.
  • Pressure loss due to the rotameter is minimal and relatively constant because the area through the tapered tube increases with flow rate.  This results in reduced pumping costs.
  • The rotameter’s scale is linear because the measure of flow rate is based on area variation.  This means that the flow rate can be read with the same degree of accuracy throughout the full range.

disadvantages

  • When opaque fluid is used, the float may not be visible.
  • It has not well in pulsating services.
  • Glass tube types subjected to breakage.
  • It must be installed in the vertical position only.

Rotameter application

  • The rotameter is used in process industries.
  • It is used for monitoring gas and water flow in plants or labs.
  • It is used for monitoring filtration loading.
  • No external power required – suitable for hazardous areas and remote areas where it would be expensive to supply power.

Refrences:

 

Flange

Flange

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Flange

The Flange is the second most used joining method after welding. Flanges are used when joints need dismantling. It Provides flexibility for maintenance.

Flange Connects the pipe with various equipment and valves. Breakup flanges are added in the pipeline system if regular maintenance is required during plant operation.

Flange Materials Specification

Dimensions from carbon steel and stainless steel flanges are defined in the ASME B16.5 standard. The material qualities for these flanges are defined in the ASTM standards.

These ASTM standards, define the specific manufacturing process of the material and determine the exact chemical composition of pipes, fittings, and flanges, through percentages of the permitted quantities of carbon, magnesium, nickel, etc., and are indicated by “Grade”.

For example, a carbon steel flange can be identified with Grade F9 or F11, a stainless-steel flange with Grade F316 or Grade F321 etc..
Below you will find as an example a table with chemical requirements for fittings ASTM A403 Grade WP304, WP304L, WP316L and a table with frequent Grades, arranged on pipe and pipe-components, which belong together as a group.

As you may be have noted, in the table below, ASTM A105 has no Grade. Sometimes ASTM A105N is described; “N” stands not for Grade, but for normalized.

Normalizing is a type of heat treatment, applicable to ferrous metals only. The purpose of normalizing is to remove the internal stresses induced by heat treating, casting, forming etc.

Carbon Steel Flanges

The Carbon Steel Flanges are available in various dimensions. Exhibiting the properties such as high strength, high toughness, excellent fatigue strength, superior chemical resistance and high stress-corrosion cracking resistance, these flanges are ideal for connecting various pipes and are significant while support is required for mechanical parts.

  • ASTM A105, ASTM A350 LF1, LF2 CL1/CL2, LF3 CL1/CL2
  • ASTM A694 F42, F46, F48, F50, F52, F56, F60, F65, F70

Stainless Steel Flange

Stainless Steel Flanges are corrosion resistant and have a wide variety of uses. We carry a variety of threaded flanges, weld neck flanges and slip-on flanges and of course, we can custom build stainless steel flanges to your specifications.

  • ASTM A182 F304/304L, F316/316L, F316H, F310, F321, F44 (UNS S31254)
  • ASTM A403 WP316/316L
  • ASTM A403 WP304/304L
  • ASTM A182 F304, F304L, F316, F316L, F321

316 / 316L

316/316L is the most commonly used austenitic stainless steel in the chemical process industry. The addition of molybdenum increases general corrosion resistance, improves chloride pitting resistance and strengthens the alloy in high-temperature service.

Through the controlled addition of nitrogen, it is common for 316/316L to meet the mechanical properties of 316 straight grade while maintaining a low carbon content.

Applications of flanges

Flanges are integral parts of many engineering and plumbing projects.

In many applications, engineers need to find a way to close off a chamber or cylinder in a very secure fashion, usually, because the substance inside must differ from the substance outside in composition or pressure.

They do this by fastening two pieces of metal or other material together with a circle of bolts on a lip. This “lip” is a flange.

Plumbing

You can connect two sections of metal piping by soldering or welding them together, but pipes connected in this way are very susceptible to bursting at high pressures.

A way of connecting two sections of pipe more securely is by having flanged ends that you can connect with bolts. This way, even if gases or liquids build up to high pressures inside the pipe, it will often hold with no problem.

Mechanics

In order to connect two sections of a large, enclosed area, it is often best to used flanges and bolts. An example of this is the connection between the engine and the transmission in an automobile.

In this case, both the engine and the transmission contain a number of moving parts that can easily get damaged if they get dust or other small objects inside of them. By connecting the outer casings of the engine and transmission in this way, engineers protect the inner workings of both.

Electronics

Flanges have a specific purpose in cameras and other electronic devices. Though flanges in such items do not usually have to sustain high pressures, they do have to hold tight so they can keep out harmful particles.

These flanges are usually found connecting two different materials, such as the glass of a lens and the rest of the body of the camera.

TYPES OF FLANGES

The most used flange types in Petro and chemical industry are:

  • Welding Neck Flange
  • Slip On Flange
  • Socket Weld Flange
  • Lap Joint Flange
  • Threaded Flange
  • Blind Flange

SPECIAL FLANGES

Except for the most used standard flanges, there are still a number of special flanges such as:

  • Orifice Flanges
  • Long Welding Neck Flanges
  • Weld flange / Nipoflange
  • Expander Flange
  • Reducing Flange

Weld-neck

Complete with a tapered hub, these flanges are recognizable and used in high-pressure environments. The flange is particularly useful under repeat bending conditions.

Slip-on

A flange which is slipped over the pipe and welded both inside and outside to increase strength and prevent leakage. A favorite for engineers compared to the weld-neck due to their lower cost.

Socket-weld

With a static strength equal to the Slip-on flange, the Socket-weld is connected with the pipe with 1 fillet weld on the outside of the flange. Due to corrosion issues, some processes do not allow this flange.

Lap-joint

Used in conjunction with a lap joint stub end, the flange is slipped over the pipe but not fastened, unlike the slip-on. Instead, the flange is held in place by the pressure transmitted to the gasket by the flange pressure against the back of the pipe lap.

Threaded

Used in special circumstances, the threaded flange can be attached to the pipe without being welded. These are usually positioned on pipes with a deep wall thickness, used to create the internal thread.

Blind

Manufactured without a bore, these flanges are used to blank off the end of piping, valves and pressure vessel openings. They are also most suitable for high pressure-temperature applications.

References:

https://hardhatengineer.com/types-flanges-used-piping/

http://www.wermac.org/flanges/flanges_pipe-connections_pipe-flanges.html

http://www.sunnysteel.com/flange-material.php

https://blog.miragemachines.com/6-of-the-most-common-flange-types-used-in-the-oil-and-gas-industry

FLOW METER

FLOW METER

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WHAT IS A FLOW METER?

A FLOW METER is a device used to measure the volume or mass of a gas or liquid.  Flow meters are referred to by many names, such as flow gauge, flow indicator, liquid meter, flow rate sensor, etc.

depending on the particular industry. However, they all measure flow.  Open channels, like rivers or streams, may be measured with flow meters.  Or more frequently, the most utility from a flow meter and the greatest variety of flow meters focus on measuring gasses and liquids in a pipe.

Improving the precision, accuracy, and resolution of fluid measurement are the greatest benefits of the best flow meters.

Flowmeters consist of a primary device, transducer, and transmitter. The transducer senses the fluid that passes through the primary device. The transmitter produces a usable flow signal from the raw transducer signal. These components are often combined, so the actual flowmeter may be one or more physical devices.

Flow Meter Applications

  • Chemical processing
  • Wastewater processing
  • Process control
  • Lubrication systems
  • Solar systems
  • Drain lines
  • Pump testing

Type of Flowmeter

  • Electromagnetic
  • Ultrasonic
  • Turbine, Propeller, and Paddle Wheel
  • Vortex Shedding
  • Target
  • Variable Area and Rotameter
  • Orifice Plate, Open Channel, Flow Nozzle, Laminar, Venturi, and Pitot Tube

What type of flow meter is best?

There are no “universal” flow meters which are suitable for all applications. Selecting the proper technology for your application requires writing a flow specification which covers the use of the meter. There are usually trade-offs with each meter type, so knowing the critical specifications will be important.

Things you must know:

  • What is the Gas or Liquid being measured?
  • Minimum and maximum flow rates.
  • What are the accuracy requirements?
  • The fluid temperature and viscosity.
  • Fluid compatibility with the materials of construction (See our materials compatibility guide)
  • The maximum pressure at the location.
  • What pressure drop is allowable?
  • Is the meter mounted in a hazardous location where explosive gases may be present?
  • Is the fluid flow continuous or intermittent?
  • What type of output signal or readout do you need?

Flowmeters

Flowmeters indicate flow rate. The different sensors include a dial, in-line, ultrasonic, orifice plate, totalizing meters, variable area, venturi, or with switch output. The different designs of the flowmeters have a variety of applications.

Dial Flowmeter

Flow meters measure water, oil, gas or air flow rates. Applications include calculating required fill or drain times for tanks, water towers, backflow prevention, heat exchangers, and oil & gas equipment.

In-line flowmeters

In-line flowmeters are indicators for flow rate. Applications include deionized water flow, pickling, compressed gases, harsh environments, coolant lines, and industrial applications.

Orifice Plate

Orifice plate flow meters are differential pressure sensors for flow rate. Can be used with gases, liquids, corrosive, and high-temperature fluids. Applications include steam flow, boiler feedwater, and fluid flow rates in building water lines. Designed for use wherever there is an application for a conventional flow orifice plate.

Totalizing Meters

Flow sensors with flow totalizing capability. Models contain LCD displays. Ideal for industrial use in reverse osmosis water purifying systems. Applications include water treatment, cooling systems, irrigation and water utilities. Some models are designed for any pump, pressure, or gravity feed system

Ultrasonic

Ultrasonic flow meters are sensors with electrical transmission output. Models are compact and lightweight. The meters are easy to operate and are ideal for any flow measurement situation. There are options of clamp-on flowmeters for the ideal use of clean liquids containing no air bubbles such as pure water.

Variable Area

Tapered bore in-line indicators for flow rate. Ideal for high purity or corrosive liquid applications, gas and liquid applications, air samplers, and medical applications. Flowmeters are shipped assembled and ready for panel mounting.

With Switch Output

Flow indicators with an electrical contact output at a specific flow rate with switch output. Applications include chemical processing, wastewater processing, lubrication systems, drain lines, process control, and pump testing.

Venturi

Venturi in-line indicators for flow rate. The Magnehelic gage provides a large, clear and accurate display of your differential pressure reading. It is available in line sizes from 1″ to 4″ and can handle vacuum and pressure applications. Other applications include filter monitoring, clean room positive pressure indication, and fan pressure indication.

we can provide every type of flowmeter and deliver it to your company.

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